What is a Transformer? What is its use?
A transformer is a system that provides the transfer of electrical energy between two or more circuits by electromagnetic induction. Transformers are used in AC (Alternating Current) circuits, not DC (Direct Current) circuits. Transformers perform the desired change in voltage and current values without changing the frequency value. They are generally used for purposes such as increasing and decreasing the current and voltage in an electrical circuit, and transferring and distributing electrical energy.
Their basic purpose of use, as I mentioned above, is to provide energy transfer between circuits through electromagnetic induction. The purpose of increasing the voltage while performing this process is to transfer electrical energy away from where it is obtained. The reason for this is that high current transmission causes very serious power losses. In order to prevent power losses, the voltage is increased and the current is decreased during the transmission process.
Transformer Working Principle
The working principle of transformers consists of the transmission of electrical energy from one conductor to another by means of magnetic flux.
The structure of the transformer consists of two coils and a core in its simplest form. When a voltage is applied to one of the coils in the core, a magnetic flux is created on the core. The direction and intensity of the magnetic flux created changes continuously. This magnetic flux provides the induction of a voltage on the output coil. In short, a magnetic field is created from the voltage applied to the first coil and energy is transferred to the other coil thanks to this magnetic field. If the number of output (secondary) windings in the transformer is greater than the number of input (primary) windings, the output voltage is higher than the input voltage.
